Tuscon The Next Food Heritage Site

Tuscon Arizona may be known for lavish spas or beautiful sunsets but food? Surprisingly this desert town is now part of the Unesco World Heritage sites joining the more culinary sophisticated cities  like Lyons, France and Chengdu, China. Tuscon has deep roots to food, along with a varied indigenous and European diet, started centuries ago.

Kim Severson, a regular contributor, wrote about this interesting food-centric city and its' recent honor in today's New York Times Food section.Eight months ago it was the only city in the United States to be designated a City of Gastronomy by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, known by the acronym Unesco. About six years ago the international agency began including food as a part of a cultural heritage worth protecting as it recognizes and protects such diverse dishes as Armenian lavash,the recipes from the Mediterranean diet and the lush gastronomic meals of the French, Tuscon joins not only Chengdu and Lyons but also Parma, Italy,Bergen, Norway and Ensenada, Mexico, The reason why this southern Arizona was selected was explained by its'officer for historic presentation, and the author of the application, Dr. Jonathan Mabry. Towns were chosen because the designation will make a difference. Still, it's a puzzler. After all there is New York City, although the city doesn't celebrate it's indigenous culinary
 heritage  (which is obvious in the oyster beds in surrounding waters and acres of wild grapes grown just outside the city).

Tuscon has a history that stretches back 4,000 years when it was a farming community to local tribes such as the HoHokan and Tohono O'odham.Dr. Mabry was one of the archaeologists, hired by the city in 2000 for a dig  not far from the downtown section. What he found was amazing, There were layers of layers of irrigation trenches and then charred corn.It was proof that this modern day city was built on top of a four millennia old farming village. The surrounding desert can still yield up interesting crops that have created unique dishes with a definite Southwestern taste. There has always been agave,cactus pads and amaranth along with tiny wild peppers called chiltepin. Mesquite is not only used for barbecuing  but also used for baking cookies thanks to its' pods being pounded into a sweet flour.. Descendants of the fruits trees, first planted by Italian born ,Reverend Eusebio Francisco Kino in the 1600's yield up quince, figs and white pomegranates, the last with a taste that combines apples and grapefruits. Tuscon chefs also use cholla buds that bloom into cactus flowers in salsas and salads. They have a vague asparagus flavor  which makes them also good for certain  soups. The one tribe, Tohono O'odham, dry them and sell the buds in jars at the local San Xavier Co-op Farm. This devotion to creating livelihoods from heritage food is what got it noticed from Unesco.

Tuscon is a fascinating city full of food history and unique flavors. Unesco was right in choosing it as a World Heritage Site. It is fascinating from so many angles, both in its' story and in its' foods.

Those Other Fall Fruits

By now everyone is probably applied out.They're all over , from groceries to pick your own.They're in everything from galettes to ciders to candied treats.However they're are some interesting other fall fruits out there.They"re a refreshing escape from Granny Smith mania. The elegant pear is another fall fruit that often is overlooked for the apple.There are just as many different types as the apple.There are close to fifty different varieties with the Anjo,Bosc and Sickle pear being the most popular in the US.One tasty one, and popular right now is the French butter variety. supermarkets feature these.The flesh is sweet ,almost candy like in taste with a thin crunchy skin.These are the best for baking and cooking, however they truly make a refreshing snack or dessert.One of the best to cook with is the Bosc.This golden yellow beauty hold's it's shape while cooking .It also has more of a pear aroma than the other kinds.Sickles are the tiniest, being able to fit on the palm of one's hand.As for recipes, they are more classy than the typical fruit ones.A cake topped with them is the perfect end to a dinner with friends? Sorbet is a different yet fresh way to use the fruit.The sorbet can be used as a palate cleanser too between courses or just as a dessert.Home chefs can also use pears in salads too.Think a chicken ,celery and pear salad for a Sunday brunch, or a crisp Asian styled salad that pops and snaps with French butter pears and snow peas. Other Autumn fruits are the much overlooked quince and pomegranate.Quince is a sort of hard sell because it has to be cooked first.The raw fruit is only good when it's going bad.Quince was actually the source for marmalade ,and the jam's name comes from the Portuguese word for quince.It is also the main ingredient in the Northern Italian treat frutta mustarda, a tarty confection of the fruit's syrup, and mustard, along with preserved peaches ,pears and cherries.it is also good in jam,as well as some beef and lamb recipes.The last two are huge in the Arab culture,and many ceremonies often feature a meat dish with it.Another choice is serving homemade quince jam with cheese as many Italians do.Pomengrante is another fall fruit that is both healthy and tasty.The fruit is having a moment right now thanks to it being so heart healthy.It also reduces joint pain as well.The juice can add Zing to regular apple cider but is also amazing in champagne.It's festive in guacamole but can also add lift to any salad.Try it with spinach or kale for an interesting spin.Pomegranate juice is an interesting ingredient in a meat sauce for pork, or even better, duck. Forget the apple. Try the other fall stars, pears, quinces and pomegranates.They are elegant and unusual, perfect for a different spin on fall harvests!